什么是身体复活？为什么不只是灵魂永生？
What is bodily resurrection? Why not just immortality of the soul?
简答 Short Answer
基督教不只相信灵魂永生，更相信身体复活。上帝创造了物质世界并称之为好的，祂的救赎计划是整全的——不只拯救灵魂，也要更新身体和整个受造界。
Christianity believes not just in immortal souls but in bodily resurrection. God created the physical world and called it good. His redemption plan is holistic: saving not just souls but renewing bodies and all creation.
详细解答 Detailed Answer
身体复活是基督教最独特的教义之一，也是使徒信经的核心内容：「我信身体复活，我信永生。」
为什么不只是灵魂永生？因为上帝创造了物质世界并宣告「甚好」（创1:31）。身体不是灵魂的监牢（那是柏拉图的观点，不是圣经的），而是上帝美好的创造。罪破坏了身体，但上帝的救赎计划包括恢复身体。
耶稣的复活是我们的模板。祂复活后有真实的身体——门徒可以触摸祂，祂可以吃东西（路24:39-43）。但祂的身体又是荣耀的——可以穿墙而过（约20:19）。保罗说我们将来的身体也是如此：「所种的是必朽坏的，复活的是不朽坏的；所种的是羞辱的，复活的是荣耀的；所种的是软弱的，复活的是强壮的；所种的是血气的身体，复活的是灵性的身体」（林前15:42-44）。
这意味着什么？不再有疾病、衰老、疼痛。不是没有身体，而是完美的身体。我们仍然是「我们」——有连续性的个人身份——但被完全更新了。
而且，不只是人的身体复活，整个受造界都将被更新。「受造之物仍然指望脱离败坏的辖制，得享上帝儿女自由的荣耀」（罗8:21）。新天新地不是虚无缥缈的灵界，而是实实在在的物质世界——只是完全没有了罪的败坏。
这就是基督教的盼望：不是逃离物质世界，而是物质世界得到完全的更新和救赎。
Bodily resurrection is one of Christianity's most unique doctrines and central to the Apostles' Creed: I believe in the resurrection of the body and the life everlasting.
Why not just immortality of the soul? Because God created the physical world and declared it very good (Gen 1:31). The body isn't the soul's prison (that's Plato, not Scripture) but God's good creation. Sin corrupted the body, but God's redemption includes restoring it.
Jesus's resurrection is our template. After rising, He had a real body: disciples could touch Him, He could eat (Luke 24:39-43). But His body was also glorified: He could pass through walls (John 20:19). Paul says our future bodies will be similar: What is sown is perishable; what is raised is imperishable. It is sown in dishonor; it is raised in glory. It is sown in weakness; it is raised in power. It is sown a natural body; it is raised a spiritual body (1 Cor 15:42-44).
What does this mean? No more disease, aging, or pain. Not bodiless but perfectly embodied. We are still us, with continuous personal identity, but completely renewed.
Moreover, not just human bodies but all creation will be renewed. Creation itself will be set free from its bondage to corruption and obtain the freedom of the glory of the children of God (Rom 8:21). The new creation isn't an ethereal spirit realm but a real physical world, entirely free from sin's corruption.
This is Christianity's hope: not escaping the physical world but the physical world being completely renewed and redeemed.
📖 经文引用 Bible Verses
📚 推荐阅读 Related Readings
- •赖特，《天堂》；Randy Alcorn, Heaven📖
- •韦敏斯德信条 32章；WCF ch.32